Boot or shoe.



No. 669,022. Patented Feb. 2s, 190|.

L. A. lAsGmxm.

BOOT 0H SHOE.

(Application led May 25, 1900.)

(No Model.)

IINTTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN, OF WINCI-IESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITEDSHOE MACHINERY COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BOOT OR SHOE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,022, dated February26, 1901.

Application filed May 25,1900.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LoUIs A. CASGRAIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Winchester, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improved Boot or Shoe, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, isa specification, like characters on the drawings representing likeparts.

I-leretofore in the production of boots and shoes the outer sole hasbeen united to the inner sole and upper by stitches, by wooden pegs ormetallic fastenings, or by staples presenting two legs of equal lengthextended entirely through the said soles and upper. Uniting the soles ona sewing-machine adds materially to the cost of production of the bootorshoe and requires elaborate machinery, which must be handled by skilledoperators, and the stitches when worn off fail to properly hold the soleand upper together. Also when the soles are united on a sewing-machinewhich sews through and throughz'. e., which sews the outer sole directlyto the inner sole-the waxed thread in the channel in the outer solecauses 4unevenness in the outer sole w here the channel-lip is laid downover the thread, and also the waxed thread is very objectionable on theinside of the shoe, where it comes in contact with the foot. This latterobjection is especially noticeable Where breaks of the thread occur,causing lumps of thread and wax on the inner sole. Shoes the soles ofwhich are united by pegs or metallic fastenings such as heretoforecommon have their soles materially stiffened, chietly on account of thecomparatively large diameter and stiffness of the fastenings used. Whenstaples are used to attach the soles, both legs of the staples passentirely through the outer and inner soles and are clenched in theinnersole, stiffening the soles, so that it is impossible to secure aflexible sole when staples are used. In my experiments I have aimed todevise a shoe having its soles united by metallic fastenings withou tdestroying the iiexibility of the shoe, and I have accomplished thisdesirable result by employing in my new' shoe a metallic fastening forthe soles which consists of a single strand of wire having a Serial No.17,939. KNO model.)

shank passing through the inner sole and outer sole and having hookedportions at each end, which hooked portions are respectively forced intothe inner sole and outer sole,

making what may be called a double clench. i

By reason of this construction of fastening, in which but a singlestrand of wire is employed to bind together the outer sole and innersole, a comparatively small Wire may be used, as the soles are heldfirmly together, primarily, because of the gripping action of the twohooks. By this improved construction the inner sole and outer sole ofthe shoe are very firmly attached and at the same time have much moreflexibility than can be secured by the use of any other metallicfastening. Hence this fastening may be used for uniting the soles ofshoes in which metallic sole-fastenings have hitherto nevel' been used.

In the drawings, Figure lin side elevation, partially broken out,represents my novel shoe having its sole attached by fastenings inaccordance with my invention, the shoe being partially broken out torepresent some of the inserted fastenings. Fig. 2 is a crosssection ofthe shoe represented in Fig. I, said Fig.. 2 showing the fasteningsinserted in the channel in the outer sole, the lip at one side of theshoe being in place to cover the heads of the fastenings, the lip on theother side being opened. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the fasteningwhich I use in making my novel slice, said figure showing the fasteningbefore it is inserted in the stock. Fig. 4 is an enlarged View showingin section the shank of a shoe embodying my invention. Fig. 5 is asimilar view showing a section of the fore part of such a slice.

Referring to the drawings, s represents the upper ot' a shoe, s theouter sole, s3 the inner sole, and s2 a tap or slip sole. The outer soleis represented as provided with a channel formed by cutting into thesole, leaving the lip si.

In order to introduce into the shoe the form of fastening which ischaracteristic of my invention-that is, a fastening which in the shoehas hook-shaped ends engaging the outer sole and inner sole, with asingle strand of wire connecting said ends-I find it convenient toemploya fastening which before it is inserted into the shoe has, as shown inFig. 3, a shank or body g, with a clenching end or point 23 and a curvedhead g5, with a point g2 depending from the head. In applying thisfastening tothe shoe I find it convenient to insert the shank of thefastening in the outer s'ole, preferably in a channel, force the shankthrough the outer sole, tap, or slip-sole, (if one is used,) upper, andinner sole. In the latter part of the movement of the shank through thestock the point g2, depending from the head, enters the outer sole, thefastening being completely driven, so that the stock completely fillsthe space between the shank of the fastening and the depending point ofthe head. As the point 23 of the fastening emerges from the inner soleit is turned back or clenched into the inner sole, a portion of theinner sole being embraced between the point 23X and the shank.

By reference to Figs. `l, 2, 4, and 5 it will be seen that my improvedshoe has its outer sole secured to the inner sole by a fastening whichhas a hook-shaped end g2 engaging the outer sole and a hook-shaped end23X engaging the inner sole, with a single strand of wire g6 connectingsaid hook-shaped ends. rlhe hook-shaped end g2 embraces between itselfand the shank of the fastening g6 a portion of the leather of the outersole, and the hook-shaped end 23 embraces between itself and the shankQ6 a portion of the leather of the inner sole. Y

The fastenings used in attaching the sole of my novel shoe willpreferably all be formed with the portions g2, which I have called thedepending point of the head, all of the same length; but it ispreferable to vary lthe length of the portions g, which I have calledthe shank or body of the fastening, according to the thickness of thestock. Varying the lengths of the fastenings in this way will secureuniformity in the shapes and positions in the stock of the hook-shapedends 23X.

Itis obvious that the advantages of uniting layers of leather or similarflexible material in the manner above described are not limited to bootsor shoes, as layers of such stock not designed for use in boots or shoesmay be advantageously secured together in this way where a combinationvof tiexibility with great holding power is desired. My claims,therefore, are not all limited to boots or shoes, but are intended tocover the more general application of my invention.

lThe method of attaching soles of boots or shoes or uniting layers ofmaterial by means of the novel fastening herein shown has been made thesubject-mattei' of application for United States Letters Patent, SerialNo. 42,374, filed January 7, 1901, which application is a division fromthis application.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. A boot or shoe having its outer sole attached by means ofa fasteninghavinga shank or body provided with a clenching point turned backwardlyinto the stock and having a head with a depending point.

2. A boot or shoe having its outer sole and inner sole united bymetallic fastenings having heads with depending points and shanks orbodies longer than the depending points, the ends of the shanks of thefastenings being turned backwardly into the inner sole.

3. A boot or shoe having its outer sole and inner sole united bymetallic fastenings having heads with depending points and shanks orbodies longer than said depending points, the depending points being ofuniform length, the Shanks varying in length according to the thicknessof the stock and having their ends turned backwardly into the stock.

4. A boot or shoe having its outer sole and inner sole united bymetallic fastenings having heads with depending points of uniform lengthand shanks or bodies longer than said depending points and varying inlength according to the thickness of the stock, the de pending points ofthe heads entering the outer sole and the ends of the Shanks beingturned backwardly toward the depending points of the heads and clenchedin the inner sole opposite to the depending points.

5. A boot or shoe having an outer sole and an inner sole united bymetallic fastenings 'each presenting a shank or bodyhaving both endsturned backwardly with relation to the shank, one of said ends enteringthe outer sole from its outer side, the other of said ends entering theinner sole from its inner side, portions of the outer sole and of theinner sole respectively being embraced between each of said ends and theshank of the fastening and each of said ends terminating in the stockbetween the outer face of the outer sole and the inner face of the innersole.l

6. A boot or shoe having its outer sole attached by means of a fasteninghaving a hookshaped end entering the inner sole and a hookshaped endentering the outer sole, with a single strand of wire connecting saidends.

7. The combination with two or more layers of leather or similariieXible material, of a metallic fastening uniting said layers ofmaterial and having a narrow hook-shaped end entering one side of thematerial and a narrow hook-shaped end entering the other side of thematerial, with a single strand of Wire connecting said hook-shaped ends.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN.

VVitne'sses:`

NELSON W. HOWARD, EDWARD H. PALMER.

ICO

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